The effectiveness of ecological and economic systems depends on the implementation of ecological management methods, especially when global goals of sustainable growth and national challenges are taken into account. Therefore, this study aims to explore the theoretical and practical aspects of greening agricultural production in Ukraine, under modern economic conditions and martial law. To achieve this, the following tasks will be addressed: 1) assessing the current state of the national agricultural sector; 2) establishing the conditions for minimizing the use of mineral fertilizers and increasing the use of organic fertilizers that includes implementing a crop rotation system, non-chemical plant protection, liming of acidic soils, organization of innovative seed production and other measures to transition towards ecologically oriented agricultural production; 3) systematically assessing the environmental and economic efficiency indicators as a prerequisite for developing program measures to organize ecologically oriented agricultural production. A combination of theoretical and empirical methods such as theoretical generalization, analysis, synthesis, comparison, abstract-logical, graphic analysis, etc., are used to prove that the activity of the agricultural sector of the economy decreased in 2021 and 2023. This decline was caused by a reduction in cultivated areas, mining of territories, migration and redistribution of labor force, and a decrease in fertilizer application. The study will also identify the amount of agricultural land that needs demining, volumes of applied pesticides for plant protection, and the dynamics of application of mineral and organic fertilizers over the last decade in agricultural enterprises of Ukraine. The study will highlight the importance of the transition of agricultural enterprises to sustainable management principles and propose program measures for organizing ecologically oriented agricultural production. These measures will contribute to ensuring the reproduction of soil fertility, creating conditions for the rational use of land potential, and the production of ecological products.